Interferons
Chapter: 2
Interferon-alpha and -beta are so-called type I interferons. They are secreted by a wide variety of cell types and have a wide range of functions. They are best known for their antiviral properties. They mediate their effects through the same receptor, which is present of the surfaces of virtually all nucleated cell types. Interferon-gamma (immune or type II interferon) is distinct in several ways from both interferon-alpha and -beta. It mediates its effects through a separate receptor from the one used by the type I interferons. In addition to having antiviral properties, it is especially noteworthy as a potent modulator of the functions of a wide range of cell types. Many of these functions are critical to the immune and inflammatory responses.