At the completion of this unit, the student should be able to...

Eye

1. Define the listed keywords.
2. Describe the mechanisms by which each of these decrease vision:
   • herpetic infection
   • senile cataracts
   • retinal detachment
   • diabetes
   • hypertension
   • macular degeneration
   • retinoblastoma
   • glaucoma
   • melanoma
3. Describe the series of events which lead up to visual loss in glaucoma including
   • the lamina cribrosa
   • inter ocular pressure
   • the trabecular meshwork
   • the optic nerve and the retinal nerve fiber layer
4. Describe the pattern of visual field loss in glaucoma.
5. Describe the clinical presentation and mode of metastasis of uveal melanoma.
6. Describe the clinical presentation, patient age group, and genetics of retinoblastoma.

Skin

1. Define the listed keywords.
2. For these infectious conditions or infestations, be able to describe the clinical appearance, identify the most likely causative organism, and indicate the prognosis:
   • wart
   • impetigo
   • staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome
   • tinea
   • scabies
   • herpes and varicella
3. For these inflammatory lesions, be able to describe the clinical setting, appearance and course, and the microscopic appearance:
   • psoriasis
   • pemphigus
   • pemphigoid
   • erythema multiforme
   • systemic lupus
   • leukocytoclastic vasculitis
   • urticaria and angioedema
   • allergic contact dermatitis
4. State the causes of the majority of:
   • nevus
   • melanomas
   • verrucae
   • actinic keratoses
   • squamous cell carcinomas arising in the skin
5. Describe the clinical and microscopic appearance of a melanocytic nevus including the lentigo, junctional nevus, compound nevus and dermal nevus. Indicate what common appearance characteristics differ from that of a melanoma.
6. Describe the clinical appearance of a melanoma and know the histologic and prognostic difference between radial growth phase, levels of invasion I and II, and vertical growth phase, levels of invasion III and IV.
7. Recognize the clinical appearance of verrucae, or warts, and indicate the major causative agent.
8. Recognize the typical clinical appearance of seborrheic keratosis and indicate its most common clinical setting.
9. Recognize the typical clinical appearance of actinic keratosis, indicate its causative agents and describe its association with squamous cell carcinoma of the skin.
10. Recognize the common clinical appearance of squamous cell carcinoma and indicate its relation to actinic keratosis and its common clinical course.